Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41999416›Full record

ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2026

Expanded field swept-source OCT angiography biomarkers associated with microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus.

Matthew J Finn, Edward S Lu, Xinyi Ding, Mridula Shan, Ying Cui, Ying Zhu, Krystal Phu, Kayla N Nodecker, Itika Garg, David M Wu and 5 more

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Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Matthew J Finn *Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Boston, MA, USA.
Edward S Lu *Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Boston, MA, USA.
Xinyi DingHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Boston, MA, USA.
Mridula ShanHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Boston, MA, USA.
Ying CuiHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Boston, MA, USA.
Ying ZhuHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Boston, MA, USA.
Krystal PhuHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Boston, MA, USA.
Kayla N NodeckerHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Boston, MA, USA.
Itika GargHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Boston, MA, USA.
David M WuDepartment of Ophthalmology, Retina Service, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Deeba HusainDepartment of Ophthalmology, Retina Service, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Leo A KimDepartment of Ophthalmology, Retina Service, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Nimesh A PatelDepartment of Ophthalmology, Retina Service, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Demetrios G VavvasDepartment of Ophthalmology, Retina Service, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
John B MillerHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Boston, MA, USA. John_Miller@meei.harvard.edu.

Funding

Lions International Fund 530125Lions International Fund 530869
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo assess the association among retinal imaging biomarkers on expanded field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (EF SS-OCTA) and non-ocular microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM).

methodsThis retrospective, cross-sectional study included 146 eyes from 100 adults with diabetes mellitus (DM), across various stages of diabetic retinopathy. Patients were imaged with EF SS-OCTA (6 × 6 mm, Montage 15 × 15 mm). Mixed effect logistic models were used to identify SS-OCTA metrics associated with the occurrence of non-ocular microvascular complications, while controlling for age, DM duration, and types of treatment that patients received prior to their appointment. Patients’ eyes were treated as random effects, while metrics like ischemia index (Ratio ischemia index = pixels of the NPAs (nonperfusion areas) / pixels of the total image area) and neovascularization real area were rescaled for interpretability. NV (neovascular) VD (vessel density) and VSD (vessel skeletonized density) values are the VD and VSD only of the manually outlined areas of neovascularization. VD is the total area of perfused vasculature per unit area in a region of measurement, while VSD is the total length of perfused vasculature per unit area in a region of measurement.

results54 patients had diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), 25 had neither DPN nor diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and 17 had DKD. NV VSD and NV VD (OR = 2.45, p = 0.001) were significantly associated with both DPN and DKD combined (OR = 2.45, p = 0.003; OR = 2.45, p = 0.001, respectively) as well as in separate analyses of DPN (OR = 1.68, p = 0.033; OR = 1.73, p = 0.018, respectively) and DKD (OR = 2.19, p = 0.007; OR = 2.23, p = 0.002, respectively) alone. Ratio Ischemia index (OR: 1.75, p = 0.028) was significantly associated only with DPN.

conclusionNV VSD and NV VD were significantly associated with both DPN and DKD while ratio ischemia index was only significantly associated with DPN, underscoring the potential utility of EF SS-OCTA metrics in predicting and monitoring non-ocular microvascular complications in clinical practice.

Indexed as

Diabetes mellitusDiabetic kidney diseaseDiabetic peripheral neuropathyOptical coherence tomography angiography

Identifiers

PMID41999416

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.