Evidence mapPaperPMID 41999538Full record

ArticleMetabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society2026

Linking metabolism and metastasis: elevated α-hydroxybutyric acid in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with lymph node metastasis.

Xiaolian Gu, Philip J Coates, Lixiao Wang, Nicola Sgaramella, Mustafa Magan, Karin Nylander

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Article in Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xiaolian GuDepartment of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, Building 6M, 2nd floor, Analysvägen 9, Umeå, 901 87, Västerbotten, Sweden. xiaolian.gu@umu.se.
Philip J CoatesResearch Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, 656 53, Czech Republic.
Lixiao WangDepartment of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, Building 6M, 2nd floor, Analysvägen 9, Umeå, 901 87, Västerbotten, Sweden.
Nicola SgaramellaDepartment of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, Building 6M, 2nd floor, Analysvägen 9, Umeå, 901 87, Västerbotten, Sweden.
Mustafa MaganDepartment of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, Building 6M, 2nd floor, Analysvägen 9, Umeå, 901 87, Västerbotten, Sweden.
Karin NylanderDepartment of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, Building 6M, 2nd floor, Analysvägen 9, Umeå, 901 87, Västerbotten, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMetabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. Plasma metabolomics offers a minimally invasive approach for identifying metabolic alterations that may provide insights into tumor progression.

objectivesWe aimed to characterize plasma metabolomic profiles in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and evaluate their clinical relevance.

methodsPlasma samples from 43 OSCC patients and 129 cancer-free controls, matched at a 1:3 ratio based on age, sex, and body mass index, were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A random forest algorithm was applied to identify key metabolic features distinguishing OSCC from controls. The clinical significance of the top metabolites was assessed and validated in another OSCC cohort (n = 27).

resultsA total of 113 compounds were putatively annotated and analyzed based on relative abundances. A ten-feature panel demonstrated good classification performance (area under the curve = 0.87; Matthews correlation coefficient = 0.703). The ten features are maltose, glucose, xylulose, δ-gluconolactone, fructose, indoleacetic acid, α-hydroxybutyric acid, glutamic acid, cysteine, and the monoacylglyceride MG(18:1(9Z)/0:0/0:0), suggesting dysregulated carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative stress as the major plasma metabolomic alterations in OSCC. Notably, α-hydroxybutyric acid levels were elevated in patients with regional lymph node metastasis compared with those without.

conclusionOur findings underscore the intricate interplay between altered glucose metabolism, redox imbalance, and OSCC. α-hydroxybutyric acid, a marker of oxidative stress and an indicator of insulin resistance, may be associated with metastatic progression.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Squamous CellHydroxybutyratesLymphatic MetastasisMouth NeoplasmsAgedFemaleGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryHumansMaleMetabolomeMetabolomicsMiddle AgedHydroxybutyratesGlucoseMetabolomicsOral cancerPlasmaα-hydroxybutyric acid

Identifiers

PMID41999538
PMCPMC13091896

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.