Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42003294›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2026

Associations of Biological Age and Heart Age Accelerations With New-Onset Stroke in Individuals With Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Stages 0-3: Evidence From a Chinese Longitudinal Study.

Hao Zhu, Hannah Lui, Li He, Jing Zhang, Zhi Jin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hao ZhuDepartment of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Hannah LuiDepartment of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Li HeSchool of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Jing ZhangCenter of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Zhi JinCenter of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome face an elevated risk of stroke, yet effective risk stratification indicators remain limited. This prospective study aims to investigate the associations of biological age acceleration (BioAge-gap) and heart age acceleration (HeartAge-gap) with new-onset stroke in individuals with CKM syndrome Stages 0-3, utilizing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) collected between 2015 and 2020. Baseline BioAge-gap and HeartAge-gap were calculated via the Klemera-Doubal method (KDM) and Framingham risk score (FRS), respectively. The primary outcome was self-reported physician-diagnosed stroke identified during the 2018 and 2020 follow-ups. Analysis of 7283 eligible participants aged 45-75 years revealed a positive association between BioAge-gap and new-onset stroke (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, p < 0.01). Furthermore, compared to participants with a non-positive HeartAge-gap, those with HeartAge-gaps of 0-5 years and ≥5 years exhibited significantly increased risks of stroke by 74% and 141%, respectively. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests identified a significant gender interaction in the association between HeartAge-gap and stroke, indicating that men with accelerated heart age represent a vulnerable subgroup. Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) confirmed a linear association, and sensitivity analyses validated the robustness of these findings. Integrating these intuitive indicators into clinical practice could facilitate primary stroke prevention and mitigate CKM syndrome progression.

Indexed as

AgingCardio-Renal SyndromeMetabolic SyndromeStrokeAgedChinaEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk Factorsbiological age accelerationcardiovascular‐kidney‐metabolic syndromeheart age accelerationlongitudinal studynew‐onset stroke

Identifiers

PMID42003294
PMCPMC13092920

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.