Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42004582›Full record

ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific2026

Age- and sex-specific attributable impact of modifiable risk factors on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in Korea: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Heesun Lee, Eungjae Kang, Tae-Min Rhee, Ju Hi Park, Jee Ye Kahng, Sangjun Lee, Soyeoun Kim, Su-Yeon Choi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Heesun LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Eungjae KangDivision of Cardiology, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Tae-Min RheeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Ju Hi ParkDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jee Ye KahngDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sangjun LeeIntegrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Soyeoun KimBiomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Su-Yeon ChoiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: While modifiable risk factors are central to the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), their relative contributions differ by age, sex, region, and period. However, contemporary evidence on these patterns in the large-scale Korean population remains scarce. We aimed to quantify the age- and sex-specific burden of major modifiable risk factors for ASCVD in a large nationwide cohort. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 6,249,852 Korean adults without prior ASCVD who underwent the National Health Screening between 2009 and 2010. The primary outcome was incident ASCVD, defined as cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke. Participants were followed for these outcomes through linkage to the Korean National Health Insurance Service claims database and Statistics Korea mortality data. Population-attributable fractions (PAFs) for risk factors-body mass index, systolic blood pressure (SBP), smoking, diabetes, and non-HDL-cholesterol-were estimated from multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models and stratified by age and sex. Findings: In this cohort (mean age 46.9 ± 13.7 years; 52.2% men), 279,093 ASCVD events occurred (incidence rate, 3.58/1000 person-years) during a median follow-up of 13.0 years. The five risk factors collectively explained 46.2% of the ASCVD burden, with the greatest contribution from SBP, followed by smoking, non-HDL-cholesterol, diabetes, and obesity. PAFs were higher in men (52.8%) than women (30.4%), and highest in men aged <50 years (71.5%), where SBP (48.6%) and smoking (29.4%) predominated. In women, SBP remained the leading contributor with less variation by age, whereas diabetes and atherogenic lipids contributed more prominently at older ages. Interpretation: These findings reveal distinct age- and sex-specific patterns in the burden of modifiable risk factors in contemporary Koreans. Tailored prevention strategies that reflect national epidemiological profiles and demographic risk patterns are needed to effectively reduce the ASCVD burden. Funding: None.

Indexed as

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseasesModifiable risk factorsPopulation-attributable fractionPrimary prevention

Identifiers

PMID42004582
PMCPMC13085072

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.