ArticleInternational journal of clinical and experimental pathology2026
Exploration of the mechanism of hesperidin inhibition on the proliferation and metastasis of human breast cancer cells.
Article in International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Hesperidin (Hsp) in inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.
methodsThe effect of Hsp on cell survival rate was analyzed using the MTT assay. The anti-migration and anti-invasion abilities of Hesperidin were evaluated using the scratch test and Transwell migration assay. The activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2/MMP-9 was analyzed using gelatin zymography. The expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins (Vimentin, Snail, ZO-1) was detected by Western blot.
resultsLow concentrations of Hsp (2-10 μmol/L) showed no significant cytotoxicity; 20-40 μmol/L significantly reduced survival rate (P<0.01). Scratch test results showed that Hsp inhibited wound healing in a concentration-dependent manner. Transwell migration assay showed that the number of migrating cells decreased with increasing Hsp concentration. Gelatin zymography results indicated that MMP-2/MMP-9 activity decreased with increasing Hsp concentration; Western Blotting results showed that Hsp downregulated the metastasis-related proteins Vimentin and Snail and upregulated the adhesion protein ZO-1.
conclusionOur findings suggest that Hsp inhibits tumor cell invasion and metastasis by potentially reducing MMP-2/MMP-9 hydrolase activity, blocking extracellular matrix degradation, and reversing the EMT process (downregulating Vimentin/Snail and upregulating ZO-1). Hsp may represent a promising candidate for adjuvant therapy in breast cancer.
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