ArticleEClinicalMedicine2026
GLP-1 receptor agonist and risk of erectile dysfunction in men with type 2 diabetes: a target trial emulation.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Tirzepatide in Men Seeking Fertility: A Structured Narrative Review and Proposed Clinical Framework.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of ED associated with GLP-1RA initiation compared with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) in men with T2D. Methods: We conducted a target trial emulation using electronic health records from a U.S. health system between January 2019 and September 2024. Adult men (>18 years) with T2D initiating either GLP-1RA or DPP4i were included. The primary outcome was incident ED identified using diagnostic codes. Baseline characteristics were balanced using stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW), and hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Multiple subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses (including negative control outcome [NCO] calibration), and external validation were conducted to assess robustness. Findings: After sIPTW, this study included 4910 GLP-1RA initiators and 5524 DPP4i initiators with well-balanced baseline covariates. The incidence rate of ED was higher in the GLP-1RA users (35.2 vs. 28.0 per 1000 person-years) than DPP4i users, with a slightly increased rate (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.08-1.46). Results were generally consistent across sensitivity analyses, subgroups, and an external validation cohort, while the association was attenuated and no longer statistically significant after NCO calibration. Interpretation: In men with T2D, GLP-1RA use was modestly associated with an increased rate of ED. These observational findings may reflect residual or selection bias and do not establish causation. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings and explore potential underlying mechanisms. Funding: This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health, United States (RF1AG077820, R01AG073435, R01DK128237).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.