Evidence mapPaperPMID 42006263Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026

Uterine morphology in normogonadotropic anovulation: a comparative study of polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian dysfunction.

Iwona Gawron, Karolina Zeman, Justyna Brodowicz, Robert Jach

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Iwona GawronChair of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Karolina ZemanClinical Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
Justyna BrodowiczChair of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Robert JachChair of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To compare uterine ultrasound measurements in women with normogonadotropic anovulation, specifically those with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian dysfunction (HPOD), with those of regularly menstruating women, and to assess the influence of clinical and biochemical parameters on these measurements. Methods: Uterine length, width, height, and volume, along with endometrial thickness and volume, measured using two- and three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography, were prospectively compared in women aged 18 to 45 from the aforementioned groups. Correlations between clinical parameters and uterine measurements, as well as between biochemical parameters and these measurements in anovulatory women, were analyzed. Results: Women with normogonadotropic anovulation had significantly reduced uterine and endometrial measurements compared to healthy women (all p ≤0.001). Women with PCOS showed significantly lower uterine length (p=0.045), height (p=0.004), and volume (p=0.009) than those with HPOD, with no significant endometrial differences. Among women with PCOS, those with hyperandrogenemia had thicker endometrium (p=0.036), with no significant differences in other measurements. All myometrial measurements significantly negatively correlated with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), while positively correlating with estradiol and prolactin. Endometrial measurements negatively correlated with AMH and FSH concentrations, and positively with estradiol, prolactin, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance. Conclusions: A significant association was identified between menstrual cycle regularity and uterine morphology, influenced by hormonal, metabolic, and clinical factors. Estrogenic stimulation and metabolic status significantly affected uterine and endometrial dimensions, indicating that uterine morphology reflects the cumulative impact of reproductive and endocrine-metabolic influences, with important clinical implications for women with normogonadotropic anovulation.

Indexed as

AnovulationHypothalamic DiseasesOvarian DiseasesPolycystic Ovary SyndromeUterusAdolescentAdultEndometriumFemaleHumansMiddle AgedOvaryProspective StudiesUltrasonographyYoung Adultendometriumhyperandrogenemiahypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis dysfunctionmyometriumPCOSuterine morphology

Identifiers

PMID42006263
PMCPMC13082961

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.