Evidence mapPaperPMID 42008576Full record

ArticlePloS one2026

Primary health care interventions targeting diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidemia in Malaysia: A scoping review.

Xin Rou Teh, Swee Hung Ang, Pei Jia Lee, Muhammad Izzuddin Mohd Ropidi, Azah Abdul Samad, Sheamini Sivasampu, Kim Sui Wan

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xin Rou TehInstitute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3969-1745
Swee Hung AngInstitute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6676-6269
Pei Jia LeeInstitute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9569-9592
Muhammad Izzuddin Mohd RopidiInstitute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.
Azah Abdul SamadFamily Health Development Division, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia.
Sheamini SivasampuNational Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.
Kim Sui WanInstitute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDespite the high prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia among Malaysian adults, there are gaps in management and control of these diseases. Evidence suggests that implementation of the Chronic Care Model in primary health care (PHC) can improve patients' clinical outcomes, quality of life and reduce the overall social burden. This study aims to describe the PHC interventions for diabetes, hypertension and/or dyslipidemia in Malaysia and to identify existing gaps by mapping against Chronic Care Model domains.

methodsThis study reports a section of a larger scoping review and focuses on studies with interventions. PubMed, Embase, Scopus and MyMedR were searched systematically from inception until 31 December 2024, using keywords pertaining to "diabetes", "hypertension", "dyslipidemia", "PHC" and "Malaysia". Study selection was independently performed by reviewers in pairs.

resultsA total of 32 interventions were identified across 39 publications. The earliest study was published in 2012 and the highest number of publications was seen in 2020. Most studies were conducted in the states of Kelantan and Selangor. The two most common components of intervention were patient education (n = 16) and the use of decision aids (n = 11). Interventions predominantly targeted type 2 diabetes (72%) and the Chronic Care Model domains of self-management support and delivery system design, with very few addressing community linkages (n = 3). Intermediate clinical outcomes (HbA1c, blood pressure, and cholesterol) were the most common measures. DISCUSSION/

conclusionsThis review highlights key gaps in PHC interventions for these three chronic diseases. While self-management and delivery systems are well-addressed, current efforts remain heavily focused on individuals with diabetes, with limited attention to community components and rural populations. There is a need to broaden the intervention scope beyond diabetes and invest in stronger community linkages for a more equitable system in Malaysia.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2DyslipidemiasHypertensionPrimary Health CareHumansMalaysiaQuality of Life

Identifiers

PMID42008576
PMCPMC13095119

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.