Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42010347›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of essential oils from Citrus limon, Citrus aurantium, and Citrus margarita against Musca domestica.

Abeer H Elmaidomy, Esraa M Mohamed, Radwa Taher Mohie El-Dien, Hesham A Abou-Zied, Azza A Mostafa, Riham H Taha, Mohamed A El-Badry, Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen, Khayrya A Youssif

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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Abeer H ElmaidomyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.
Esraa M MohamedDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, MUST, Giza, 12566, Egypt.
Radwa Taher Mohie El-DienDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt.
Hesham A Abou-ZiedDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt.
Azza A MostafaResearch Institute of Medical Entomology (RIME), General Organization for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes (GOTHI), Giza, Egypt.
Riham H TahaResearch Institute of Medical Entomology (RIME), General Organization for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes (GOTHI), Giza, Egypt.
Mohamed A El-BadryResearch Institute of Medical Entomology (RIME), General Organization for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes (GOTHI), Giza, Egypt.
Usama Ramadan AbdelmohsenDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt. usama.ramadan@mu.edu.eg.
Khayrya A YoussifDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, El Sharqya, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There are numerous culinary and therapeutic applications for citrus peel essential oils. In this study, we used GC/MS analysis to investigate the differences in yield and chemical composition of the essential oils extracted from the fresh peels of three Citrus species: C. limon, C. aurantium, and C. margarita. In total, 21 compounds were isolated from C. limon, 15 from C. aurantium, and 9 from C. margarita. The most prevalent constituents were α-myrcene (ranging from 7.05 to 12.80% and 11.50%) and D-limonene (ranging from 15.46 to 71.71% and 71.59%). Furthermore, the essential oils of the three citrus species were tested for their ability to kill adult houseflies (Musca domestica). The results showed that C. limon oil was more effective than C. aurantium and C. margarita oils, with an LC50 value of 3.19 and a 100% toxicity index. An in silico study assessed 31 Citrus-derived compounds for their insecticidal potential against Musca domestica by targeting acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Network and docking analysis identified geranyl acetate as the top binder (− 10.2 kcal/mol), interacting with key residues involved in neurotransmission. A 100 ns molecular dynamics confirmed its stable binding and supports its potential role as a natural AChE inhibitor for insect control. These findings offer a molecular basis for upcoming experimental verification and advancement of environmentally benign pesticides derived from citrus.

Indexed as

CitrusHousefliesInsecticidesOils, VolatileAcetylcholinesteraseAnimalsGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryLimoneneMolecular Docking SimulationAcetylcholinesteraseInsecticidesLimoneneOils, VolatileCitrus speciesEssential oilsGC/MS analysisInsecticidal activityMusca domestica

Identifiers

PMID42010347
PMCPMC13096227

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.