ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026
Fractional-order modeling of HIV/AIDS dynamics in the working-class population using the ABC operator.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
HIV/AIDS remains a major global health problem that is strongly shaped by socioeconomic conditions and workforce productivity. This work develops and analyses a deterministic HIV/AIDS model for a working-class population, distinguishing productive and non-productive susceptible and infected groups, and extends it to an Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo (ABC) fractional-order framework. The integer-order system is analysed in terms of positivity, boundedness, equilibrium points, the basic reproduction number, local and global stability, and backward bifurcation using the Castillo-Chavez and Song center-manifold approach. The fractional-order model is shown to be mathematically well posed by using fixed-point arguments, Lipschitz conditions and Hyers-Ulam stability, and is approximated numerically with the Toufik-Atangana scheme. An optimal control problem with prevention and productivity-enhancing interventions is formulated and solved, and cost-effectiveness of alternative strategies is assessed. Numerical simulations indicate that combining prevention with measures that reduce non-productivity substantially lowers HIV burden and improves workforce productivity, while the fractional model better reflects gradual temporal dynamics compared with the classical system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.