ArticleThe journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global2026
Nationwide analysis of temporal trends and outcomes in hospitalized patients with predominantly antibody deficiency using the National Inpatient Sample.
Article in The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Predominantly antibody deficiency (PAD) is the most common inborn error of immunity and is associated with increased susceptibility to infections and noninfectious complications, yet we lack population-level data on the impact of this diagnosis on hospitalization outcomes. Objective: We conducted a nationwide analysis evaluating health care utilization and hospitalization outcomes among patients with PAD compared with non-PAD hospitalized patients, examining temporal trends and the impact of coronavirus disease 2019. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis from 2017 to 2020 using the National Inpatient Sample, part of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. ICD-10 codes were used to identify PAD-associated admissions. Results: We identified 179,710 weighted PAD-associated and 108,933,035 non-PAD-associated hospitalizations. Compared with non-PAD admissions, PAD hospitalizations had higher total hospital costs ($13,961 vs $9,436), longer length of stay (5.0 vs 3.5 days), and higher in-hospital mortality (4.1% vs 2.7%; all Conclusions: Patients with PAD had increased health care utilization and worse outcomes including in-hospital mortality. These burdens worsened over time, with the greatest escalation in 2020, partly reflecting coronavirus disease 2019-related hospitalizations. Further investigation is needed to identify underlying drivers and develop targeted strategies to improve outcomes in patients with PAD.
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