Evidence mapPaperPMID 42011628Full record

SynthesisHealth promotion international2026

Cardiovascular disease risk reduction interventions for indigenous women: an umbrella review.

Tabassum Rahman, Amie Bingham, Melinda J Carrington, Richard Chenhall, Francine Eades, Grace Joshy, Emily Banks, Sandra Eades

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Health promotion international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Tabassum RahmanCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-4323-3392
Amie BinghamCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Melinda J CarringtonBaker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 2, West Wing, Grattan Street, Building 181, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Richard ChenhallCentre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Francine EadesEast Metropolitan Health Service, 10 Murray Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia.
Grace JoshyThe National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, 62 Mills Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.
Emily BanksThe National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, 62 Mills Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4617-1302
Sandra EadesCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.

Funding

Cardiology Centre of ExcellenceNational Health and Medical Research Council 2017742National Health and Medical Research Council MRF2026248
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention strategies are predominantly informed by studies conducted in men from the general population, which can disadvantage women-particularly Indigenous women-whose CVD needs differ in terms of symptom presentation, healthcare access, receipt of guideline-recommended care and sociocultural roles. This review aims to summarize the effectiveness of CVD prevention interventions in Indigenous women in the USA, Canada, New Zealand and Australia. Umbrella review of systematic reviews and randomized and non-randomized interventions examines the effectiveness of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions in reducing CVD risk in target countries in Indigenous adult studies with ≥50% women. Systematic searches were conducted across six electronic databases between January and February 2024 (update: February 2025). Quality assessment applied standard methods and evidence was synthesized qualitatively. The protocol was PROSPERO registered (CRD42024575310). Six systematic reviews and 16 primary studies (7 randomized and 9 non-randomized; 11,473 participants; 50%-100% women) in Indigenous participants were included. Evidence was limited and generally of low certainty. Four randomized studies were exclusively in Indigenous women (Australia and USA). Only one pharmacological study was identified, investigating vitamin D in reducing blood pressure. Non-pharmacological interventions demonstrated potential to improve CVD risk factors, primarily adiposity, blood pressure, lipids, and glucose. Participant involvement was generally limited and continuation was problematic. This first umbrella review on CVD risk reduction in Indigenous women suggests an urgent need for high-quality evidence to inform and make CVD prevention accessible and equitable for them. Future studies should employ consumer-led, innovative, and context-specific strategies to ensure inclusive recruitment and sustain participant engagement.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesIndigenous PeoplesRisk Reduction BehaviorWomen's HealthAustraliaCanadaFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansNew ZealandSystematic Reviews as TopicUnited Statescardiovascular diseaseindigenous peoplepreventionumbrella reviewwomen’s health

Identifiers

PMID42011628
PMCPMC13096696

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.