Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42012022›Full record

Trial reportJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2026

Childhood cognitive control as a predictor of long-term clinical and functional outcomes in Tourette syndrome.

Kathryn E Barber, Emily J Ricketts, Douglas W Woods, John Piacentini, Flint M Espil, Matthew Specht, Shannon M Bennett, John T Walkup, Susanna Chang, Alan L Peterson and 3 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Kathryn E BarberDepartment of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6359-8845
Emily J RickettsDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Douglas W WoodsDepartment of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
John PiacentiniDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Flint M EspilDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Matthew SpechtDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Shannon M BennettDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
John T WalkupAnn & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Susanna ChangDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Alan L PetersonDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Lawrence ScahillMarcus Autism Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Sabine WilhelmMassachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Joseph F McGuireDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Funding

Behavior Therapy for Children with Chronic Tic DisordersR01MH070802 · TOURETTE SYNDROME ASSOCIATION, INC · 2004 to 2005
$1.5M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH070802NIMH NIH HHS R01MH070802Tourette Association of America
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTourette syndrome (TS) is a childhood-onset neuropsychiatric condition characterized by motor and vocal tics. Many individuals with TS continue to experience tics and functional difficulties into adulthood, yet the factors influencing these long-term trajectories remain poorly understood. Cognitive control processes, implicated in the etiology and treatment of TS, may serve as indicators of later clinical and functional outcomes.

methodsThis study tested whether childhood cognitive control predicted outcomes in early adulthood. Participants were 80 individuals with TS (M

resultsResults showed that greater inhibition, set-shifting, and processing speed in childhood predicted lower tic severity and impairment, greater odds of tic remission, and higher quality of life in early adulthood. Greater working memory and response flexibility predicted higher educational attainment and income. These relationships remained significant after accounting for treatment conditions and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

conclusionsFindings highlight childhood cognitive control as an important predictor of clinical and functional outcomes in TS and a viable target for intervention.

Indexed as

Executive FunctionInhibition, PsychologicalMemory, Short-TermOutcome Assessment, Health CareTourette SyndromeAdolescentAdultBehavior TherapyChildCognitive FlexibilityFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleProcessing SpeedYoung AdultExecutive functioninhibitionlongitudinalneurocognitiveset‐shiftingworking memory

Identifiers

PMID42012022
PMCPMC13450360

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.