ArticlePloS one2026
Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) as a carrier in a topical ocular delivery system for the treatment of ocular diseases.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Current systems for topical ocular drug delivery enable non-invasive administration of therapeutics to the eye but suffer from poor permeability and bioavailability, limiting therapeutic efficacy. Metal-organic frameworks are porous, crystalline materials that can serve as drug delivery systems and may improve these shortcomings. In this study, we explore the use of ZIF-8 as a representative metal-organic framework for topical ocular drug delivery. ZIF-8 particles were prepared via a simplified aqueous synthetic method and loaded with ovalbumin, a model molecule to simulate anti-angiogenic proteins that are used to treat retinal diseases. The physical properties of unloaded and loaded ZIF-8 were evaluated with a variety of spectroscopic, imaging, and desorption techniques that confirmed successful loading with ovalbumin (>46% loading capacity) without severe disruption to the structure of ZIF-8. In bulk solution, loaded ovalbumin is gradually released in a linear fashion for up to 60 days. Loaded ZIF-8 applied to chicken eggs or bovine eyes showed minimal to no levels of irritation, supporting our hypothesis that ZIF-8 can be safely applied to ocular tissue. When applied to ex vivo bovine eyes, loaded agents administered in ZIF-8 penetrate the sclera, suggesting ZIF-8 may enhance permeability to intraocular tissue. These results highlight the potential of ZIF-8 as a carrier in topical ocular delivery systems and provide a crucial foundation to evaluate their efficacy in topical ocular drug delivery using in vivo models.
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