ArticleJMIR public health and surveillance2026
Urinary Sodium Excretion and the Risk of Prevalent Anemia: Nationwide Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in JMIR public health and surveillance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWhile excessive dietary sodium intake is an established risk factor for cardiovascular and renal complications, its potential association with anemia remains largely unexplored.
objectiveWe hypothesized that, based on the observed benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in correcting anemia through alterations in renal tubular metabolism and oxygen homeostasis, elevated urinary sodium excretion, as a surrogate of dietary sodium intake, may increase the risk of prevalent anemia.
methodsThis nationwide cross-sectional study analyzed 54,802 adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014-2023). Participants were stratified by spot urine sodium-to-creatinine ratio (Na
resultsAnemia prevalence increased progressively across spot urine Na
conclusionsHigher urinary sodium excretion exhibits a robust, graded association with increased anemia prevalence in the general population. These findings suggest that dietary sodium restriction may provide additional benefits beyond cardiovascular protection.
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