Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42015205›Full record

ArticleAIDS research and therapy2026

From CCU to infectious disease ward: HIV-associated high-grade follicular lymphoma presenting with pulmonary thromboembolism and necrotizing pneumonia.

Hasti Charousaei, Shahram Sabeti, Nafise Mozafari, Azita Bathaie, Negin Shahibi, Houra Yeganegi, Hamed Azhdari, Ilad Alavi Darazam

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Article in AIDS research and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hasti CharousaeiDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shahram SabetiDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nafise MozafariDepartment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Azita BathaieDepartment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Negin ShahibiSchool of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Houra YeganegiDepartment of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hamed AzhdariDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ilad Alavi DarazamDepartment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ilad13@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is linked to a higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and lymphoproliferative disorders. The simultaneous occurrence of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), necrotizing pneumonia, and a newly diagnosed HIV-associated lymphoma is rare and presents diagnostic challenges. CASE PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with acute chest pain and a brief episode of transient loss of consciousness. He also reported persistent lower back pain radiating to both knees and a 2-month history of progressive fatigue. Computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography demonstrated bilateral PTE with evidence of right ventricular strain. Systemic thrombolytic therapy was administered, followed by therapeutic anticoagulation. Subsequent chest CT imaging revealed necrotizing pneumonia with associated pleural empyema; hence, broad-spectrum IV antibiotics were promptly initiated. Further diagnostic evaluation identified necrotic paraaortic lymphadenopathy causing compression of the inferior vena cava with associated thrombosis. An excisional lymph node biopsy was performed after a non-diagnostic needle biopsy. Histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses ultimately confirmed an unusual variant of Grade 3A follicular lymphoma. During further evaluation, the patient was also diagnosed with HIV infection, prompting the initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In addition, an appropriate systemic chemotherapy regimen tailored to high-grade B-cell lymphoma was commenced. The patient was managed with close monitoring for treatment response and potential complications.

conclusionThis case emphasizes the complex prothrombotic state seen in HIV infection and the unusual presentation of HIV-associated lymphoma. Recognizing underlying immunodeficiency early is crucial for patients who present with unexplained thrombosis and necrotic lymphadenopathy.

Indexed as

HIVHIV InfectionsLymphoma, FollicularPneumonia, NecrotizingPulmonary EmbolismComputed Tomography AngiographyHumansMaleMiddle AgedHIV-associated lymphomaHIV-associated venous thromboembolismHuman immunodeficiency virus

Identifiers

PMID42015205
PMCPMC13273942

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