ArticleBMC women's health2026
Relation between Helicobacter pylori infection and menopausal symptoms in diabetic women.
Article in BMC women's health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimMenopausal symptoms have marked negative impact on women’s physical and mental well-being and consumes substantial amount of health expenses. However, the relation between H. pylori infection and severity of menopausal symptoms is a scarcely discussed issue. The present cross-sectional study aims to explore the relation between H. pylori infection and severity of menopausal symptoms in diabetic women. SUBJECTS AND
methodsThe study included 150 postmenopausal diabetic women and 150 non-diabetic counterparts. H. pylori infection was assessed using a monoclonal enzyme immunoassay–based stool antigen test. Menopausal symptoms were evaluated using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS).
resultsThe present study included consecutive 150 diabetic and 150 non-diabetic postmenopausal women. Diabetic women had significantly higher frequency of severe menopausal symptoms (31.3% versus 14.0%, p<0.001) and significantly higher frequency of positive H. pylori infection (56.0% versus 40.7%, p = 0.011). Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis identified significant association between BMI [OR (95% CI): 1.09 (1.01–1.18), p = 0.022], hypertension [OR (95% CI): 3.97 (1.66–9.49), p = 0.002], HbA1c % [OR (95% CI): 1.18 (1.02–1.36), p = 0.029] and positive H. pylori infection [OR (95% CI): 4.09 (1.52-11.0), p = 0.005] and severe menopausal symptoms.
conclusionsPostmenopausal diabetic women had higher frequency of H. pylori infection which may be related to more severe menopausal symptoms in this population.
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