ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Association between the nutritional risk index and postmenopausal osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and the presence of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) in elderly female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to evaluate the discriminatory ability of GNRI for PMOP in this population. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted, enrolling 324 postmenopausal female patients with T2DM who were hospitalized at our hospital from September 2021 to November 2024. Participants were divided into an osteoporosis group (T-score ≤ - 2.5, Results: Compared to the non-osteoporosis group, patients in the osteoporosis group were significantly older and had significantly lower levels of GNRI, BMI, lumbar spine T-score, total protein, albumin, uric acid, albumin-corrected calcium, serum phosphorus, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (all Conclusion: In postmenopausal female patients with T2DM, a higher GNRI value is independently associated with a lower risk of PMOP. GNRI demonstrates moderate discriminatory ability for identifying PMOP in this population and may serve as a simple and useful auxiliary indicator for assessing skeletal health risk in clinical practice, pending further prospective validation.
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