ArticleBrain communications2026
Cortical morphology and cognitive impairments in adolescents with complex congenital heart disease.
Article in Brain communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Individuals with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk for cognitive impairments linked to altered brain structure, including reduced cortical volume. Cortical volume can be interpreted in relation to other morphological properties, such as cortical thickness (CT), surface area (SA) and cortical folding (gyrification index: GI). CT and SA exhibit distinct developmental, genetic and evolutionary origins, while cortical folding emerges from developmental and mechanical processes associated with cortical SA expansion. Exploring these individual cortical morphometric changes may provide additional insight into cortical volume changes in CHD and their relationships with cognitive function. High-resolution 3D T1-weighted images, intelligence quotient (IQ) and executive function (EF) scores were acquired from a final sample of 49 patients with CHD (mean age = 13.65, male: 63%) and 80 controls (mean age = 12.86, male: 49%). Cortical reconstruction and volumetric analyses were performed using Freesurfer version 7.1. Group differences in cortical volume, total SA, mean CT and mean GI, as well as their associations with cognitive measures, were investigated through vertex-wise multivariate general linear modelling. Age, sex and parental education level were adjusted in all analyses. While both SA and CT were significantly reduced in the CHD group, both globally (
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