Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42017989›Full record

ArticleNeuroradiology2026

Pathological signatures of white matter lesions in multiple sclerosis versus stroke: a synthetic MRI study.

Evangelos Katsarogiannis, Johan Wikström, Johan Virhammar, Shala Ghaderi Berntsson, Anne-Marie Landtblom

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Article in Neuroradiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Evangelos KatsarogiannisDepartment of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala university, Uppsala, Sweden. evangelos.katsarogiannis@uu.se.
Johan WikströmDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Neuroradiology, Uppsala university, Uppsala, Sweden.
Johan VirhammarDepartment of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala university, Uppsala, Sweden.
Shala Ghaderi BerntssonDepartment of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala university, Uppsala, Sweden.
Anne-Marie LandtblomDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate whether quantitative synthetic MRI (SyMRI) parameters can differentiate non-specific white matter lesions (nsWMLs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and ischemic stroke, and to assess differences in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) between these groups.

methodsThirty MS patients and nineteen ischemic stroke patients underwent standardized MRI including SyMRI. Three lesion categories were analyzed: typical MS lesions (MSL), non-specific lesions in MS (nsWML-MS), and non-specific lesions in stroke (nsWML-S). SyMRI-derived parameters (R1, R2, proton density, and myelin content) were extracted from each region of interest (ROI), and one ROI was placed in NAWM per patient. Group differences were evaluated using non-parametric tests. Logistic regression models, both unadjusted and age-adjusted, assessed predictors of MS diagnosis.

resultsTypical MS lesions showed lower myelin content and R1 and higher proton density than nsWML-MS (all p < 0.0001). Compared with nsWML-S, nsWML-MS demonstrated lower myelin content and higher proton density (p < 0.05), while R1 and R2 values did not differ. NAWM differences between MS and stroke emerged only after age adjustment. Age alone discriminated MS from stroke (AUC 0.83), with modest improvement when NAWM measures were added (AUC 0.86).

conclusionSyMRI captures both lesion-specific and diffuse NAWM differences between MS and stroke. Age strongly influences quantitative white matter measures, and adjusting for age reveals subtle NAWM pathology in MS. SyMRI may support differential diagnosis in patients with ambiguous white matter lesions.

Indexed as

Magnetic Resonance ImagingMultiple SclerosisStrokeWhite MatterAdultAgedDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificityMultiple sclerosisQuantitative synthetic MRIStrokeWhite matter lesions

Identifiers

PMID42017989
PMCPMC13323269

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.