Evidence mapPaperPMID 42018144Full record

ArticleCancer research2026

A Conserved Enhancer Locus in Extrachromosomal DNA and Homogeneously Staining Regions Activates MYC Transcription in Group 3 Medulloblastoma.

Jake D Friske, Flore Cuisin, Paloma Guernalec, Hayden A Malone, Stephanie Nance, Declan Bennett, Steven J Burden, Ti-Cheng Chang, Hao Shi, Justin S Williams and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Jake D FriskeDepartment of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0001-8987-8538
Flore Cuisin *Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0009-0008-5835-6751
Paloma Guernalec *Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0009-0002-0541-0423
Hayden A MaloneSt. Jude Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0002-0537-797X
Stephanie NanceDepartment of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0009-0007-9597-2134
Declan BennettDepartment of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0003-2614-0362
Steven J BurdenCytogenetics Core Facility, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0009-0005-6961-2712
Ti-Cheng ChangCenter for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0001-5302-9147
Hao ShiDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0002-2796-629X
Justin S WilliamsDepartment of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0002-0195-5509
Virginia ValentineCytogenetics Core Facility, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0003-2384-1630
Barbara D S PassaiaDepartment of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0001-8933-2586
Bensheng JuDepartment of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0002-8723-316X
Modupeore O AdetunjiDepartment of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0001-8870-1052
Paul GeeleherDepartment of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0002-5128-0087
Brian J AbrahamDepartment of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0001-8085-3027
Gang WuCenter for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0002-1678-5864
Chunliang LiDepartment of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0002-5938-5510
Martine F RousselDepartment of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.ORCID 0000-0002-1740-8139

Funding

The DNA Damage Response and Tumorigenesis in the BrainP01CA096832 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI BAKER, SUZANNE J. · 2003 to 2025
$38.0M
American Cancer Society (ACS) RSG-DMC-135487American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC)Basic Research Laboratory (BRL) P01CA096832Center for Cancer Research (CCR) 5P30CA021765NCI NIH HHS P01 CA096832St Jude Children's Research Hospital Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

MYC is amplified on extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) or homogeneously staining regions (HSR) in group 3 medulloblastoma (G3-MB), conferring a poor prognosis. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying MYC expression in ecDNA and HSRs could be leveraged to develop improved treatments for G3-MB. Using a structure-function approach, we identified and characterized an enhancer (ecMYC E1) that drives MYC activation specifically in G3-MB with MYC-amplified ecDNA or HSRs. The ecMYC E1 locus exhibited enhancer hallmarks exclusively in MYC-amplified G3-MB but not in other MYC-dependent cancer cell lines, including those with MYC amplification. Silencing of the ecMYC E1 enhancer significantly reduced MYC transcription, which was compensated for by increases in ecDNA copy number. Neuronal differentiation 1 and bromodomain-containing protein 4 interacted with each other and bound to ecMYC E1, looping the enhancer to the MYC promoter. Together, these findings define a mechanism that regulates amplified MYC gene expression within ecDNA or HSRs specifically in G3-MB. SIGNIFICANCE: Combined structural and functional approaches identified a conserved enhancer activating MYC transcription exclusively in MYC-amplified ecDNA- and HSR-positive group 3 medulloblastoma, providing a potential therapeutic target for suppressing MYC.

Indexed as

Cerebellar NeoplasmsEnhancer Elements, GeneticMedulloblastomaProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mycCell Line, TumorExtrachromosomal DNAGene AmplificationGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansPromoter Regions, GeneticTranscription, GeneticExtrachromosomal DNAMYC protein, humanProto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc

Identifiers

PMID42018144
PMCPMC13202998

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.