Evidence mapPaperPMID 42018258Full record

ArticleHealth economics review2026

Costs and cost-effectiveness of type 2 diabetes management in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.

Assegid Hellebo, Andre P Kengne, Olufunke A Alaba

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Article in Health economics review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Assegid HelleboHealth Economics Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Rd, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa. assegid.hellebo@alumni.uct.ac.za.
Andre P KengneDepartment of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Francie Van Zijl Dr, Parow Valley, Cape Town, 7501, South Africa.
Olufunke A AlabaHealth Economics Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Rd, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundType 2 Diabetes (T2D) is rapidly increasing in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with related health and financial implications. Knowledge of the costs and cost-effectiveness of managing diabetes is needed to increase awareness, improve resource allocation and enhance the use of evidence-based decision-making. Accordingly, this study sought to synthesise and critically review evidence on the costs and cost-effectiveness of managing T2D in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

methodsA systematic search was conducted in multiple databases, including PubMed-Medline, Africa-Wide Information, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar, to identify studies published between January 2010 and December 2023; the searches were updated in June 2024. All cost data were converted to 2024 United States dollars (US$) using appropriate inflation adjustments and exchange rates. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022300580).

resultsThe search yielded 4137 unique abstracts, and 18 studies were included for review, most originating from Nigeria. Most studies assessed costs from a provider perspective, focusing on direct medical costs (e.g., outpatient consultations, medications, diagnostic and monitoring tests, and follow-up care). Reported costs of T2D management were substantial across settings. Annual costs ranged from US$337.50 for basic medical care of uncomplicated T2D to US$2330.74 in total provider cost per patient. The highest burden was reported among individuals in the low-income quantile. Only five studies assessed cost-effectiveness, most using modelling and simulation approaches. T2D management programmes can be cost-effective, but the evidence remains limited.

conclusionsThis review identified substantial variation in methods, perspectives, and cost components across T2D cost studies in SSA, which limits direct comparability. Improving methodological transparency and reporting, alongside addressing data-collection gaps, would strengthen the evidence base. Further context-specific economic evaluations, particularly those incorporating affordability, implementation feasibility, and budget impact, are needed to support priority setting and resource allocation for T2D management in SSA.

Indexed as

Cost-effectivenessCostsDALYsHealthcareQALYsSub-Saharan AfricaT2DType 2 diabetes management

Identifiers

PMID42018258
PMCPMC13238088

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.