ArticleJournal of applied oral science : revista FOB2026
Statin-loaded carbonated hydroxyapatite nanoemulsion controls matrix metalloproteinase-1 activity to enhance post-orthodontic stability in rats.
Article in Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe persistence of periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone remodeling following appliance removal is a key factor in orthodontic relapse, which is a significant barrier to treatment stability. In this study, a statin-loaded carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) nanoemulsion was evaluated as a local therapy to control relapse rate by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in rats. METHODOLOGY: A total of 48 rats (n=48) were allocated to control, simvastatin, CHA hydrogel, or CHA-simvastatin nanoemulsion groups. Treatments were delivered intrasulcularly during stabilization, and relapse was measured at days zero, one, seven, and 14 post-debonding. MMP-1 expression in the PDL was assessed using immunofluorescence at the same time points. Collected data were evaluated using analysis of variance.
resultsRelapse occurred in all groups, with the highest relapse rate during early observation. At day one, the relapse rate was significantly reduced in treatment groups compared with the control, and the CHA-simvastatin group showed the lowest relapse rate (control 1048±20.20 vs. CHA-simvastatin 549.33±27.22 μmd-1; p=0.001). MMP-1 expression peaked at day one and was significantly lower in all treatment groups than control, with the greatest suppression in the CHA-simvastatin group (16.33±2.08 vs. 7.33±0.57 positive cells/field; p=0.001). By day 14, relapse rates and MMP-1 expression decreased across groups, with persisting advantages for the combined treatment.
conclusionLocal CHA-simvastatin nanoemulsion decreased early relapse and downregulated MMP-1 expression in rats, suggesting a promising adjunctive strategy to enhance post-orthodontic stability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.