SynthesisBMC women's health2026
The efficacy and safety of common non-drug interventions on stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC women's health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of common non-pharmacological interventions for alleviating stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in the postpartum period.
methodsA systematic search of electronic databases from their inception to December 2024 including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and VIP Database was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing interventions for postpartum SUI. A network meta-analysis was performed to synthesize direct and indirect treatment efficacy data.
resultsTwelve trials evaluating eight different therapies for SUI were included. The Vesair intravesical balloon (VIB) and electroacupuncture (EA) demonstrated the highest effectiveness, showing significant reductions in the 1-hour urine pad test and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-short Form (ICIQ-SF) score compared to controls at the final follow-up. EA emerged as the most promising intervention for SUI treatment among the strategies analyzed. However, caution is warranted due to evidentiary heterogeneity and potential limitations in sample sizes across some studies, which may impact the validity of the findings.
conclusionsEA and VIB are identified as promising non-pharmacological interventions for managing SUI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.