Evidence mapPaperPMID 42029622Full record

ArticleMedical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Where Environment and Healthcare Meet: Air Pollution, Antibiotic Use, and Mortality in an Ageing Population in Southern Italy.

Caterina Elisabetta Rizzo, Roberto Venuto, Maria Gabriella Caruso, Cristina Genovese, Pasqualina Laganà

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Article in Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Caterina Elisabetta RizzoDepartment of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Messina, 98123 Messina, Italy.
Roberto VenutoDepartment of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Messina, 98123 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8161-9144
Maria Gabriella CarusoDepartment of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Messina, 98123 Messina, Italy.
Cristina GenoveseDepartment of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9282-1030
Pasqualina LaganàDepartment of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6078-9520

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAir pollution, antimicrobial use, and population ageing are increasingly recognised as co-occurring pressures shaping population health. This study explores their ecological association with mortality patterns in the province of Messina (Southern Italy), within a One Health-informed framework.

methodsAn ecological analysis was conducted using district-by-year data (2015-2024), integrating environmental monitoring (PM

resultsMarked geographic variability in pollutant concentrations was observed, with higher levels in urban-industrial districts. Infectious disease mortality increased from 13.8 to 44.6 per 100,000 inhabitants between the pre-pandemic and post-pandemic periods. In Poisson regression models, particulate matter showed a small and non-significant association with respiratory mortality (RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.89-1.18), while antibiotic consumption was not independently associated with mortality (RR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.94-1.05). The post-2020 period was associated with higher mortality estimates (RR = 1.15, 95% CI: 0.72-1.83), although with wide confidence intervals.

conclusionsThe findings suggest the co-occurrence of environmental, demographic, and pharmaceutical pressures within the same territories, rather than demonstrating formal synergistic interaction. The observed post-pandemic increase in mortality highlights the importance of accounting for COVID-19-related disruption. These results should be interpreted as exploratory, given the ecological design and limited sample size, but support the need for integrated surveillance approaches within a One Health perspective.

Indexed as

Air PollutionAnti-Bacterial AgentsCOVID-19AgingDelivery of Health CareEnvironmental MonitoringHumansItalyParticulate MatterSARS-CoV-2Anti-Bacterial AgentsParticulate Matterair pollutionantibiotic consumptionmortalityOne Healthsyndemics

Identifiers

PMID42029622
PMCPMC13108112

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.