Reviewnpj biomedical innovations2026
3D biofabricated in vitro models as new approach methodologies for animal alternatives.
Review in npj biomedical innovations, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- In Vitro Three-Dimensional Human Liver Model for Drug-Induced Liver and Bile Duct Injury Prediction.Toxics · 2026Article
- Recent advances in multimodal foundation model-enabled peptide screening and optimization for smart biomaterials and functional tissue engineering.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence-assisted smart hydrogel bioinks in 3D bioprinting: design, optimization, and construct validation for functional tissue engineering.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The FDA Modernization Act 2.0 has shifted from animal testing to New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) for preclinical drug development. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a premier NAM, capable of fabricating human-relevant complex models with high fidelity. This review surveys the primary bioprinting modalities, including inkjet, extrusion, vat photopolymerization, and their applications in creating functional in vitro models for drug screening and disease modeling. We analyze the operating mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of each technique, from high-resolution inkjet patterning to the rapid, layerless fabrication enabled by volumetric methods. Although challenges regarding regulatory validation, vascularization, and anatomical complexity persist, advanced bioprinting strategies incorporating biochemical cues, cellular diversity, and multi-tissue interactions are paving the way for more predictive and humane therapeutic pipelines. This work outlines the technological landscape and future directions for biofabrication in a post-animal testing era.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.