Evidence mapPaperPMID 42035201Full record

ReviewJournal of ovarian research2026

Chemoresistance in gynecologic cancers: mechanistic insights and emerging platforms to overcome drug failure.

Pankaj Garg, Ravi Salgia, Sharad S Singhal

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of ovarian research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Pankaj GargDepartment of Chemistry, GLA University, NH-19, Mathura-Delhi Road, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India.
Ravi SalgiaDepartment of Medical Oncology and Therapeutic Research, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
Sharad S SinghalDepartment of Medical Oncology and Therapeutic Research, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA. ssinghal@coh.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6415-8160

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The most difficult hurdles associated with the treatment of gynecologic cancer (such as ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancer) is chemoresistance, with ovarian cancer representing the most clinically challenging subtype due to frequent relapse and the development of platinum resistance. Although chemotherapy remains one of the most important approaches to the management of gynecologic cancer, a large portion of patients have a poor initial response or recurrence of the treatment-resistant disease, factors that influence the rate of survival. This review highlights the present understanding of biological, molecular, and micro-environmental mechanisms that cause chemoresistance in gynecologic cancers, with primary emphasis on ovarian cancer while drawing supportive comparisons with cervical and endometrial malignancies. Important mechanisms of chemoresistance like increased drug efflux, redox based detoxification, increased capability of repairing DNA, evading apoptosis, protection by tumor microenvironment, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, persistence of cancer stem cells, epigenetic reprogramming and exosome-based communication are discussed in an integrated and easily understandable style. In addition to the overview of these mechanisms, this review also brings out newer treatment approaches that may emerge to overcome drug failure, especially in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. These approaches include drug efflux transporter inhibitors, redox and metabolic pathways modulators, DNA repair, epigenetics, immunotherapies, tumor microenvironment, nanotechnology-delivery systems, and exosome interventions. The development in artificial intelligence and multi-omics methods that can be used to predict treatment response and deliver personalized management are also discussed, highlighting their potential role in early identification of resistance and treatment stratification in ovarian cancer patients. Collectively, these insights may help to improve therapeutic decision-making, which could enhance chemotherapy responsiveness, and support durable clinical outcomes in ovarian and other gynecologic malignancies.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsDrug Resistance, NeoplasmGenital Neoplasms, FemaleAnimalsFemaleHumansTumor MicroenvironmentAntineoplastic AgentsChemoresistanceDrug resistance mechanismsGynecologic cancerTargeted therapeutic strategiesTumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID42035201
PMCPMC13112715

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.