Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42042435›Full record

ArticleInsects2026

Microstructural Analysis of Termite Wings: Implications for Hydrophobic Adaptations in Rainy Flight.

Yongheng Shen, Ziheng Xue, Xuecheng Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Insects, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yongheng ShenYuexi Campus, Suzhou Institute of Industrial Technology, Suzhou 215100, China.ORCID 0009-0002-4563-2506
Ziheng XueJiangsu Lingte Technology Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221000, China.
Xuecheng ZhangInstitute of Western Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji City 831100, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many termite species initiate colonization flights during or shortly after periods of rain, employing two different flight strategies: flying during the day in the rain and flying at night in a dry environment. As noted in previous studies, it appears easier for a species to become adapted to a wet environment by changing the contour/shape rather than the composition of the cuticle surface. We utilized differential interference contrast and scanning electron microscopy to observe the micro-nanostructure of the wing cuticles of 54 termite species from 16 families/subfamilies. Twenty-four species of higher termites possessed wings with anti-wetting structures of setae and a micraster array. The majority of lower termite wings had smoother cuticle surfaces. Based on the hierarchical design of termite wings, we conclude that various species are adapted to flying in the rain.

Indexed as

flight in rainhydrophobic adaptationmicrostructural analysissetae and micrasterstermite wings

Identifiers

PMID42042435
PMCPMC13116333

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.