Evidence mapPaperPMID 42046319Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes investigation2026

Plantar fascia thickness in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients: Clinical associations and metabolic correlates.

Giulia Casadei, Michele Baldari, Lorenzo Brognara, Enrico Saudelli, Simona Moscatiello, Sara Flamigni, Francesco Traina, Alexandro Paccapelo, Uberto Pagotto, Guido Di Dalmazi

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Article in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Giulia Casadei *Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Michele Baldari *Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6345-2569
Lorenzo BrognaraDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences-DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Enrico SaudelliDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Simona MoscatielloDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Sara FlamigniDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Francesco TrainaDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences-DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Alexandro PaccapeloEpidemiology and Statistics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Uberto PagottoDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Guido Di DalmaziDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDiabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Measurement of plantar fascia thickness (PFT) by ultrasound has been proposed as an alternative index of tissue glycation and a marker for diabetes complications such as DPN. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 290 patients with type 1 DM (age 54 [20-87] years and diabetes duration 28 [1-79] years) and 41 healthy volunteers (age 49 [26-73] years). PFT was measured during outpatient clinical evaluation by means of ultrasound. Values were compared with sex, age, anthropometric parameters, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) measured by skin autofluorescence, and parameters derived from clinical evaluation of DPN.

resultsPatients with type 1 DM had significantly thicker plantar fascia than controls (2.9 ± 0.6 mm vs. 2.4 ± 0.2 mm; P < 0.001); 199/290 (68.6%) patients with type 1 DM had altered PFT. In this population, male patients and those with worse glycemic control and longer duration of disease had a higher risk of having altered PFT. Higher PFT was significantly associated with reduced vibration sensitivity, higher levels of HbA1c and AGEs, presence of retinopathy and reduced renal function, and a worse diabetic foot risk classification. The use of AHCL integrated systems appeared to be associated with better plantar fascia outcomes.

conclusionsOur findings indicate that PFT showed a relationship with diabetes microvascular complications, glucometabolic compensation, and with the use of automated insulin delivery systems. PFT might be a useful tool in the assessment of patients with T1DM.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetic NeuropathiesFasciaFootAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGlycated HemoglobinGlycation End Products, AdvancedHumansMaleMiddle AgedBiomarkersGlycated HemoglobinGlycation End Products, Advancedadvanced glycation end productsdiabetic neuropathiestype 1 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID42046319
PMCPMC13327322

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.