Evidence mapPaperPMID 42050751Full record

ArticleBMC nutrition2026

Dietary advanced glycation end products and risk of cardiometabolic disorders in older adults: cross-sectional data from the 2007-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).

Arti Sharma, Jimi Kim

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Article in BMC nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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2 authors.

Arti SharmaInterdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51140, Republic of Korea.
Jimi KimDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51140, Republic of Korea. jmkim206@changwon.ac.kr.

Funding

the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (Ministry of Science and ICT [MSIT]) RS-2025-16071386
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been identified as potential dietary risk factors for cardiometabolic disorders. Despite studies in Western populations, little is known about the impact of AGEs in elderly Asian with different dietary patterns and aging dynamics. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary intake of three representative AGEs—Nɛ-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), Nɛ-(1-carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), and Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolone-2-yl)-ornithine (MGH1)—and the risk of cardiometabolic disorders among older Korean adults.

methodsA total of 6,731 individuals aged 65 years and older participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from which cross-sectional data collected between 2007 and 2021 were analyzed. Dietary AGEs intake was estimated using a food-based AGEs composition database linked to 24-hour dietary recall data. Participants were categorized into quartiles according to energy-adjusted AGEs intake. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the associations between dietary AGEs intake and cardiometabolic disorders including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia.

resultsHigher dietary intake of CML and MGH1 was significantly associated with increased odds of type 2 diabetes (OR, 95% CI, CML = 1.33, 1.12–1.58, P for trend < 0.001; MGH1 = 1.25, 1.05–1.49, P for trend = 0.007) and hypercholesterolemia (OR, 95% CI, CML = 1.61, 1.34–1.92, P for trend < 0.001; MGH1 = 1.24, 1.03–1.48, P for trend = 0.032). CEL intake was independently associated with hypercholesterolemia (OR, 95% CI = 1.54, 1.29–1.84, P for trend < 0.001). In contrast, no significant associations were observed between AGEs intake and hypertension or hypertriglyceridemia. Although absolute differences in continuous biomarkers such as fasting glucose and total cholesterol across AGEs quartiles were small, consistent dose–response trends were observed, suggesting cumulative metabolic alterations associated with higher dietary AGEs intake.

conclusionsHigh intake of dietary AGEs, particularly CML and MGH1, may contribute to increased risk of type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia in older Korean adults. Given the cross-sectional design of this study, causal inferences cannot be drawn; however, these findings suggest that considering AGEs may be relevant for dietary strategies and cardiometabolic health in aging societies.

Indexed as

Advanced glycation end productsCardiometabolic disordersHypercholesterolemiaOlder adultsType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID42050751
PMCPMC13273992

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.