Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42055607›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

Asymptomatic malaria parasite carriage and anaemia among senior high school students in Tempane District of the Upper East Region of Ghana: a cross-sectional study.

John Atibil Awindago, Millicent Captain-Esoah, Grace Adzo Motey, Elijah Dakorah Angyiereyiri, Mawuli Kwamla Azameti, Michael Rockson Adjei, Martin Ntiamoah Donkor, Kwadwo Kyeremeh Frempong, Sylvester Donne Dassah

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Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

John Atibil AwindagoDepartment of Applied Biology, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana.
Millicent Captain-EsoahDepartment of Applied Biology, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana.
Grace Adzo MoteyDepartment of Applied Biology, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana.
Elijah Dakorah AngyiereyiriDepartment of Applied Biology, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana.
Mawuli Kwamla AzametiDepartment of Applied Biology, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana.
Michael Rockson AdjeiCountry Office, World Health Organization, Accra, Ghana.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8813-1800
Martin Ntiamoah DonkorDepartment of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana.
Kwadwo Kyeremeh FrempongDepartment of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Sylvester Donne DassahDepartment of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana sddassah@cktutas.edu.gh.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-5507

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo determine the prevalence of malaria parasite carriage and anaemia among senior high school students and to identify the demographic, behavioural and residential factors associated with these outcomes.

designCross-sectional study.

settingParticipants were enrolled from Tempane Senior High School students in the Tempane District of the Upper East Region of Ghana.

participants290 senior high school students aged 15-22 years. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographic characteristics, residential status and insecticide-treated bed net (ITN) use were collected using a structured questionnaire. Venous blood samples were obtained for malaria parasite detection by microscopy and haemoglobin measurement. Association analysis was performed using logistic regression models.

resultsThe prevalence of malaria parasite carriage was 23.1%, while 49.0% of participants were anaemic. Day students had a significantly higher prevalence of malaria (59.2%) than boarding students (15.8%) (p<0.001). Malaria parasite infection was also more common among students who did not use ITNs (39.7%) compared with users (5.0%) (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, not using ITN (adjusted OR (aOR)=15.97; 95% CI 6.33 to 40.32; p<0.001) and being a day student (aOR=5.65; 95% CI 2.58 to 12.36; p<0.001) were significant predictors of malaria parasite infection. Students infected with malaria parasites had significantly lower mean haemoglobin (11.50±1.43 g/dL) than uninfected students (12.56±1.35 g/dL) (p<0.001). Malaria parasite infection (aOR=9.36; 95% CI 3.91 to 22.42; p<0.001) and male students (aOR=2.26; 95% CI 1.09 to 4.65; p=0.028) were associated with higher odds of anaemia. Whereas age groups 18-20 years (aOR=0.41; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.97; p=0.043) and those above 20 years (aOR=0.07; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.27; p<0.001) were associated with lower odds of anaemia.

conclusionMalaria and anaemia remain prevalent among senior high school students in the Upper East Region of Ghana, with asymptomatic malaria strongly linked to anaemia. Not using ITN and being a day student significantly increased the odds of malaria parasite infection. These findings underscore the need to extend malaria prevention interventions to adolescents through school-based programmes, including routine screening, treatment and promotion of consistent ITN use, especially among day students.

Indexed as

AnemiaAsymptomatic InfectionsCarrier StateMalariaAdolescentCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGhanaHumansInsecticide-Treated BednetsLogistic ModelsMaleMultivariate AnalysisPrevalenceRisk FactorsSchoolsAdolescentsAnaemiaMalaria

Identifiers

PMID42055607
PMCPMC13141091

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.