Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42056569›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging2026

CXCR4-targeted PET/CT with [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-QHY-04 in primary central nervous system lymphoma: a prospective comparison with MRI and [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT.

Yizhen Pang, Lijie Xing, Jingru Liu, Xinzhi Zhao, Chenzhen Li, Shengnan Xu, Jinli Pei, Jinming Yu, Haojun Chen, Jie Liu

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yizhen Pang *Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
Lijie Xing *Department of Lymphoma and Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
Jingru Liu *Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
Xinzhi ZhaoCenter for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
Chenzhen LiCenter for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
Shengnan XuCenter for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
Jinli PeiCenter for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
Jinming YuDepartment of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China. sdyujinming@163.com.
Haojun ChenDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China. leochen0821@foxmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-9101-8884
Jie LiuCenter for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China. liujie@sdfmu.edu.cn.

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2023M742149Distinguished Middle-Aged and Young Scientist Encourage and Reward Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2025QA21National Natural Science Foundation of China 82200224National Natural Science Foundation of China 82203014National Natural Science Foundation of China 82422039National Natural Science Foundation of China 82470201National Natural Science Foundation of China 82572272Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project 2024ZD0525900Science and Technology Support Plan for Youth Innovation of Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province of China TS003Shandong Excellent Youth Science Fund Project (Overseas) 2023HWYQ-115Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province NO.tsqn202306386Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province NO.tsqn202312361Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province NO.tsqn202507370the foundation of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong ZR2022QH017
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-QHY-04 PET/CT, a novel CXCR4-targeted imaging agent, in detecting primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) at initial diagnosis and suspected recurrence, in comparison with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) and [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT.

methodsWe prospectively enrolled patients with suspected PCNSL between September 2022 and December 2024. A total of 29 patients underwent both CE-MRI and [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-QHY-04 PET/CT, with 20 patients also receiving [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT. Biopsy pathology served as the reference standard for newly diagnosed lesions. Recurrence was assessed using a composite reference standard based on CE-MRI, clinical follow-up, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings when available; an exploratory sensitivity analysis excluded MRI-dependent cases. Imaging parameters including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), and tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) were calculated. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and compared.

resultsSix treatment-naïve patients (14 lesions) and 16 patients with recurrence (16 lesions) were confirmed, along with 7 patients without recurrence. Both primary and recurrent lesions showed intense tracer uptake on [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-QHY-04 PET/CT, characterized by notably high TBR. In the 20-patient subgroup undergoing both PET scans, [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-QHY-04 demonstrated significantly lower absolute SUVmax compared to [¹⁸F]FDG (median: 2.42 vs. 11.73, P < 0.001) but a substantially higher TBR-SUVmax (median: 42.75 vs. 1.07, P < 0.001), leading to the identification of more positive lesions (14 vs. 7, P = 0.023). Relative to the composite reference standard, [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-QHY-04 PET/CT achieved sensitivity and accuracy (87.50% and 90.91%, respectively) comparable to CE-MRI (100% for both, P > 0.05) and significantly superior to [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT (43.75% and 59.09%, P = 0.023). ROC analysis identified [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-QHY-04 SUVmax as the optimal diagnostic parameter (AUC = 0.979).

conclusion[¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-QHY-04 PET/CT demonstrated high tumor-to-background contrast in PCNSL, consistent with its low background brain uptake. It shows diagnostic accuracy comparable to CE-MRI and significantly superior to [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT, demonstrating high potential as a valuable imaging tool for the diagnosis and restaging of PCNSL.

Indexed as

Central Nervous System NeoplasmsFluorodeoxyglucose F18Heterocyclic CompoundsLymphomaMagnetic Resonance ImagingPositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographyReceptors, CXCR4AdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRadiopharmaceuticalsCXCR4 protein, humanFluorodeoxyglucose F18Heterocyclic CompoundsRadiopharmaceuticalsReceptors, CXCR4[18F]FDGCXCR4PET/CTPrimary central nervous system lymphoma

Identifiers

PMID42056569

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.