Evidence mapPaperPMID 42057331Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes research2026

Health Service Leaders' Perspectives on Type 1 Diabetes Models of Care for Children and Young Adults in Australia: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Yvonne Zurynski, Carolynn L Smith, Ann Carrigan, Nehal Singh, Timothy W Jones, Leanne Cromb, Helen J Woodhead, Anthony Pease, Tony Huynh, Ann M Maguire and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Yvonne ZurynskiCentre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, mq.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7744-8717
Carolynn L SmithCentre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, mq.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4377-5490
Ann CarriganCentre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, mq.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2525-9241
Nehal SinghCentre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, mq.edu.au.
Timothy W JonesChildren's Diabetes Centre, The Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, uwa.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7989-1998
Leanne CrombChildren's Diabetes Centre, The Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, uwa.edu.au.
Helen J WoodheadThe Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia, schn.health.nsw.gov.au.
Anthony PeaseSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, monash.ac.za.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5604-959X
Tony HuynhChildren's Health, Queensland Clinical Unit and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, uq.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7909-3670
Ann M MaguireInstitute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia, nsw.gov.au.
Kristen A NevilleDepartment of Endocrinology, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, unsw.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0910-6192
David E BloomHarvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, harvard.edu.
Sophia ZoungasSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, monash.ac.za.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-0949
Jenny CouperThe Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, wch.sa.gov.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4448-8629
Jeffrey BraithwaiteCentre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, mq.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0296-4957
Elizabeth A DavisChildren's Diabetes Centre, The Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, uwa.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4244-5473

Funding

Breakthrough T1D #5_SRA-2021-1088_M-XCouncil of Australasian University LibrariansMacquarie University
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionType 1 diabetes (T1D) is a lifelong condition typically diagnosed in childhood. Clinical practice guidelines recommend comprehensive multidisciplinary team (MDT)-based care led by paediatric endocrinologists. However, experiences and opinions of health professionals about the implementation of T1D MDTs in Australia are currently unknown.

aimsTo describe health service teams caring for children and youth with T1D in Australia and to identify opportunities for service improvements from providers' perspectives.

methodsMixed-methods study co-designed with clinicians and consumers, including a survey of clinic leaders and semi-structured interviews. Survey questions covered modes of care delivery, team composition and outreach. Interview transcripts were thematically analysed using a hybrid inductive/deductive approach.

resultsThirty-two T1D services leaders completed the survey; 16 were from major cities and 16 were from regional/rural areas across all Australian states and territories. The services provided care for ~51% of all <19-year-olds living with T1D. T1D services were multidisciplinary and commonly included dieticians (n = 29, 94%), nurse diabetes educators (n = 22, 71%) and general paediatricians (n = 21, 68%). Eight (29%) services had a dedicated psychologist. A quarter (25%) of regional/rural services had a paediatric endocrinologist compared with 100% of major city services (χ

conclusionThis mixed-methods study is the first Australia-wide exploration of T1D models of care that describes care provision from the clinicians' perspectives. A need exists to address current gaps to achieve the recommended MDT models of care for T1D. Understanding existing models of care will be essential to determine the future impacts of changes in policies, therapies and demands on paediatric T1D services.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Patient Care TeamAdolescentAdultAustraliaChildChild, PreschoolDelivery of Health CareFemaleHumansLeadershipMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID42057331
PMCPMC13128981

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.