ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026
Paternal Caffeine Exposure Programs Offspring Stress Vulnerability via Sperm Dlk1-Dio3 Imprinting-Directed Remodeling of a Novel Neural Circuit.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Paternal environmental exposures program offspring neurodevelopment via sperm epigenetics, yet mechanisms for intergenerational hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation, a core hub for stress disorders, remain elusive. Using a paternal preconception caffeine exposure (PPCE) rat model with in vitro fertilization to exclude maternal confounders, we uncover a novel pathway linking sperm epigenetics to offspring HPA axis hyperresponsivity. By elevating paternal corticosterone, PPCE induces hypomethylation at the intergenic differentially methylated region (IG-DMR) within sperm Dlk1-Dio3 domain. This epigenetic alteration evades postfertilization reprogramming, persists in offspring hippocampus, and derepresses the maternally expressed miRNA cluster, causing posttranscriptional downregulation of glutaminase (GLS). Hippocampal GLS deficiency impairs glutamatergic neurotransmission in a novel circuit: ventral hippocampal CA1 glutamatergic neurons (vCA1
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