Evidence mapPaperPMID 42058546Full record

Trial reportInternational journal of community based nursing and midwifery2026

The Effect of Telenursing Using Self-care Education Podcasts on Anxiety and Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy Undergoing Intravitreal Injection: A Randomized Clinical Trail.

Elaheh Keshavarzian, Nahid Aghebati, Vahid Ghavami, Mohammad Reza Ansari Astana

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in International journal of community based nursing and midwifery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Elaheh KeshavarzianDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Nahid AghebatiNursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Vahid GhavamiDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad Reza Ansari AstanaDepartment of Eye, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Pre-procedural anxiety in patients with intravitreal injections shows a significant negative association with vision-related quality of life. This study determines the effect of telenursing with self-care education podcasts on anxiety and quality of life in patients with diabetes undergoing intravitreal injections. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2022 in Mashhad, Iran on 68 patients assigned to two groups. After informed consent were obtained, patients completed a demographic questionnaire, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. Relevant podcasts were delivered individually via WhatsApp once a week over an 8-week period to the intervention group (n=34), while the control group (n=34) received routine education via pamphlets. Anxiety levels were measured before the commencement of the intervention and each injection; the quality-of-life questionnaire was administered before and after the completion of the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. The statistical tests included the t-test, Chi square, repeated measures ANOVA, ANCOVA, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The intervention group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in both state anxiety (P<0.001) and trait anxiety (P<0.001) over the eight-week study period compared to the control group. Furthermore, the intervention group comparison with the control group showed statistically significant improvement in the total score of quality-of-life (P<0.001). Conclusion: A telenursing program delivered via self-care podcasts, a feasible task for community nurses, significantly reduced anxiety and improved quality of life in patients with diabetic retinopathy undergoing intravitreal injections.

Indexed as

AnxietyDiabetic RetinopathyIntravitreal InjectionsPatient Education as TopicQuality of LifeSelf CareAdultAgedFemaleHumansIranMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesAnxietyDiabetic retinopathyQuality of lifeSelf-careTelenursing

Identifiers

PMID42058546
PMCPMC13122375

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.