ReviewAsian/Pacific Island nursing journal2026
Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Glycemic Control in US Asian and Pacific Islander Populations With Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Asian/Pacific Island nursing journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Asian American and Pacific Islander populations are disproportionately affected by diabetes. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of nonpharmacologic interventions in reducing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels among Asian American or Pacific Islander individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo, and CINAHL databases, covering studies published from 1985 to 2019. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials that evaluated nonpharmacologic interventions in outpatient settings for adults with type 2 diabetes in the United States, with at least 50% Asian American or Pacific Islander participants. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently performed by 2 reviewers for each trial. The Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach were used to evaluate quality. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to estimate pooled effect sizes. Results: A total of 1835 articles were screened, with 9 randomized controlled trials meeting the inclusion criteria, comprising 1492 participants, with a median follow-up duration of 6 (IQR 3-12) months. Interventions included diabetes self-management education, bilingual counseling, glucose or weight monitoring, motivational interviewing, and financial support, often tailored to the cultural context of the participants. Pooled analysis of the 9 trials demonstrated a significant average HbA1c reduction of -0.39% (95% CI -0.64% to -0.14%; I²=65%). Seven studies were judged to have a low risk of bias, 1 study had some concerns, and 1 study was assessed as high risk. The overall strength of evidence was high. Conclusions: Nonpharmacologic interventions substantively reduced HbA1c levels in Asian American or Pacific Islander individuals with type 2 diabetes, particularly when culturally and linguistically tailored.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.