ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2026
Association of cumulative systemic inflammation response index and all-cause mortality in adult with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-2: a prospective cohort study.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSystemic inflammation has been linked to increased mortality risk. However, the prognostic value of cumulative systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) remains unclear in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome stages 0-2.
methodsParticipants were enrolled from the Tongzhou cohort and underwent health examinations in 2016 and 2018. Cumulative SIRI was calculated as the time-weighted average of SIRI from two pre-follow-up examinations to reflect cumulative inflammatory burden before follow-up. Participants were categorized into high and low cumulative SIRI groups according to a cut-off determined by time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Follow-up ended on December 31, 2024, with all-cause mortality as the primary outcome. Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were applied to evaluate the association between cumulative SIRI and mortality risk.
resultsA total of 3,410 middle-aged and elderly participants with CKM syndrome stages 0-2 were enrolled. During a median follow-up of 74 months, 71 deaths (2.08%) occurred. After adjusting for confounders, high cumulative SIRI was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.01-4.97). Subgroup analyses revealed no significant interactions between cumulative SIRI and age, sex, marital status, education, smoking, or drinking status. RCS analysis showed a linear positive association between cumulative SIRI and all-cause mortality risk.
conclusionHigher cumulative SIRI was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older adults with CKM syndrome stages 0-2. These findings suggest that cumulative SIRI, estimated from two pre-follow-up measurements, may have potential prognostic relevance, although further validation is needed.
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