ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2026
Impaired suppressive effect of FoxP3 regulatory T cells on B cells in multiple sclerosis.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundB cells are key contributors to the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases (AID), including multiple sclerosis (MS), and appear to evade the peripheral tolerance checkpoints that normally maintain immune homeostasis. The fate of B cells at these checkpoints is believed to be regulated by intracellular Ca
objectiveTo assess the ability of Tregs to suppress activated B cells in healthy individuals and patients with MS.
methodsB and T cell populations were isolated from 40 MS patients and 98 age- and sex-matched healthy donors (HD). Single-cell live Ca²⁺ imaging was used to assess early activation signals in B cells. In vitro proliferation assays and coculture experiments were employed to evaluate downstream responses, including proliferation, transcription factor activation (NFATc1, NF-ĸB), interleukin 6 (IL-6) release, and surface expression levels of antigen-presenting capacity (APC) markers both in anti-IgM/anti-CD40-stimulated B cells alone, and in the presence of Tregs.
resultsWe demonstrate that Tregs exert a robust suppressive effect on B cell proliferation, IL-6 secretion and NFATc1 which is [1] independent of Ca
conclusionThis study provides new data on Treg-mediated suppression of B cells in humans, including at single-cell level. Our findings show that the Treg dysfunction in MS previously described in the context of Tcon regulation extends to B cell regulation. Given the critical role of B cells in MS pathogenesis, this impaired Treg-B cell interaction may represent a previously underappreciated disease mechanism with potentially important therapeutic implications.
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