Side-viewing probe for lesion depth mapping on the left ventricle epicardium with near-infrared spectroscopy.

Danyang Cheng, Jonah A Majumder, Haiqiu Yang, Deepak Saluja, Kenneth R Laurita, Andrew M Rollins, Christine P Hendon

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

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0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Danyang ChengDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.

Jonah A MajumderDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.

Haiqiu YangDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA.

Deepak SalujaDepartment of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.

Kenneth R LauritaHeart and Vascular Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, MetroHealth Campus, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Andrew M RollinsDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Christine P HendonDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA. cpf2115@columbia.edu.

Funding

Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science Columbia Engineering STAR AwardFu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, Columbia University, United States Avanessians Data FellowshipNIH HHS 1R01HL149369-01

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Epicardial radiofrequency ablation can fail when lesions are not sufficiently deep or transmural, yet intraoperative feedback remains largely indirect. This study presents a fiber-based, side-viewing near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) probe with multiple source-detector separations (SDS) to enable depth-sensitive mapping of lesions on the porcine left-ventricular epicardium. Monte Carlo simulations predicted progressively deeper sampling with increasing SDS, motivating the use of multi-separation acquisition for depth-resolved contrast. Experiments were performed on 11 porcine hearts with 133 irrigated epicardial lesions spanning a wide depth range, with lesion depth ground truth reconstructed from post-stain gross section measurements. SDS-dependent spectral signatures were observed across lesions with depths greater than 4 mm, lesions with depths ≤ 4 mm, adipose tissue, and untreated epicardial muscle, and optical indices capturing these patterns were identified for lesion and adipose classification, as well as for lesion-depth sensitivity. Lesion and adipose indices achieved strong receiver operating characteristic (ROC) performance across SDS (lesion AUC 0.87-0.91; adipose AUC 0.94-0.97), and depth-sensitive indices exhibited monotonic trends with lesion depth (R² up to 0.97). Applying a random forest lesion mask enabled depth-sensitive maps that were consistent with variations in the ground truth.

Indexed as

Heart VentriclesPericardiumAdipose TissueAnimalsCatheter AblationMonte Carlo MethodROC CurveSpectroscopy, Near-InfraredSwineBiomedical opticsCardiac ablationCardiac electrophysiologyNear-infrared spectroscopyOptical fiber probe engineering

Identifiers

PMID42069880

DOI10.1038/s41598-026-50096-y

PMCPMC13324516

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.