Safety evaluation of finerenone and identification of factors contributing to nephrotoxicity: re-analysis using FDA adverse event reporting system data.

backgroundTo evaluate finerenone-associated adverse events (AEs) and to investigate the association between finerenone use and renal injury via data mining of the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

methodsTo minimize statistical bias, the data extraction period was set from database inception (2004) to provide a stable background for disproportionality analysis. Four disproportionality algorithms (ROR, PRR, BCPNN, and MGPS) and stricter case-screening methods were employed to improve analytical precision. Additionally, a clinical priority evaluation was conducted to rank clinical risks and surveillance levels for these AEs. Supplementary analysis was performed to assess the relationship between finerenone and renal injury, as well as associated risk factors.

resultsA total of 1316 finerenone-related reports were identified. 30 AEs were detected as significantly positive signals, with most being related to renal function (15 PTs, 50%), blood pressure (5 PTs, 16.67%), and blood potassium (4 PTs, 13.33%). Among them, blood glucose increased, blood creatine increased, and flank pain were new potential AEs. Acute kidney injury, hyperkalemia, renal impairment, glomerular filtration rate decreased, blood creatinineincreased, blood potassium increased, and hyponatremia exhibited moderate clinical priority levels and warrant further study. Signals reflecting renal injury were detected in patients regardless of baseline nephropathy. Male sex, taking more than 3 drugs, and using amlodipine may be risk factors for finerenone-related nephrotoxicity.

conclusionsThese results highlight new finerenone-related AEs, provide ranked guidance for pharmacovigilance through clinical priority evaluation, and clarify factors that influence renal injury, providing guidance for individualized treatment and improved drug safety.