ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Intraoperative 40 Hz gamma frequency auditory stimulation for postoperative sleep disturbance in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Postoperative sleep disturbance (PSD) is a common complication after surgery and is associated with impaired recovery. This protocol describes a randomized controlled trial designed to determine whether intraoperative 40 Hz gamma frequency auditory stimulation reduces the incidence of PSD after laparoscopic gynecological surgery. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, controlled trial will enroll 342 patients scheduled for laparoscopic gynecological surgery under general anesthesia. Patients will be randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to three parallel groups: control (no headphones), sham stimulation (headphones without auditory output), or active stimulation (headphones delivering 40 Hz auditory stimulation). The primary outcome is the incidence of PSD on the first postoperative night. Secondary outcomes include the incidence of PSD on postoperative nights 2 and 3, daily Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) scores, anxiety and depression scores (HADS-A/-D), sedative-hypnotic use, pain scores, analgesic consumption, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), rescue antiemetic use, duration of post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay, length of postoperative hospital stay, quality of postoperative recovery (QoR-15), perioperative adverse events, and patient satisfaction. Discussion: This trial will evaluate whether intraoperative 40 Hz gamma frequency auditory stimulation reduces PSD in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery. The findings may provide evidence for a non-invasive perioperative strategy to mitigate sleep disruption and improve postoperative recovery. Clinical trial registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier [ChiCTR2500110341].
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.