ArticleClinical kidney journal2026
Citrullinated histone H3 identifies neutrophil extracellular trap formation and correlates with renal disease activity in ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Article in Clinical kidney journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) often manifests with necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are implicated in its pathogenesis; citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit) is a specific marker of NET formation. To date, no studies have assessed the relationship between H3Cit-positive cells and disease activity in patients with AAV. In this study, we assessed whether H3Cit-positive cells in renal tissue were associated with disease activity. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 50 patients newly diagnosed with AAV by renal biopsy between January 2011 and August 2024. Paraffin-embedded specimens underwent immunohistochemical staining for H3Cit. Patients were classified as H3Cit-positive or H3Cit-negative groups based on the presence of H3Cit-positive cells in glomeruli and/or interstitium. Clinical parameters and histopathological features were compared. Additionally, correlations between H3Cit-positive cell counts and urinary biomarkers were evaluated. Results: H3Cit-positive cells were detected in 42 cases (84%) within the interstitium; of these 42 cases, they were also detected in 23 within the glomeruli. Compared with H3Cit-negative cases, the positive group had significantly higher urinary β Conclusions: H3Cit-positive cells in renal tissue were associated with active glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions in AAV cases and correlated with urinary markers of interstitial injury. H3Cit immunostaining may serve as a pathological marker of renal disease activity in AAV cases and support clinical assessment at the time of biopsy.
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