ReviewInternational journal for equity in health2026
Surgical and hormonal gender-affirming care: cross-domain determinants and artificial intelligence-enabled expansion.
Review in International journal for equity in health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) and gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) and are evidence-based components of care that support the health and well-being of transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals, with extensive evidence linking them to reduced suicidality, improved mental health, and quality of life. Whereas most studies examine isolated outcomes-often within urban populations-this review adopts a system-level, cross-domain perspective to examine how access to gender-affirming care is shaped by structural conditions, including the urban concentration of affirming services, limited clinician training, fragmented insurance coverage, and the underrepresentation of rural TGD populations in research. These intersecting barriers undermine timely initiation, continuity, and quality of GAHT and GAS across diverse care settings. A distinctive contribution of this review is its integration of artificial intelligence (AI) as an emerging dimension of gender-affirming care. By synthesizing evidence on AI-enabled decision support, training simulations, and voice therapy, the review positions AI as a promising, equity-enhancing pathway to expand access, strengthen provider competency, reduce administrative burden, and advance global TGD health equity at scale.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.