Evidence mapPaperPMID 42089192Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2026

Minimally Invasive, Echocardiography-Guided Mouse Model of Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation Recapitulates Cardiac Remodeling and Arrhythmogenesis.

Wei-Ting Chang, Nan-Chun Wu, Chin-Yu Chen, Zhih-Cherng Chen, Wei-Jan Chen, Jhih-Yuan Shih

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Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Wei-Ting ChangSchool of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-9525-2144
Nan-Chun WuDivision of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0003-4142-3635
Chin-Yu ChenDepartment of Radiology Chi-Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan.ORCID 0009-0003-1985-6175
Zhih-Cherng ChenSchool of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-8157-1291
Wei-Jan ChenCardiovascular Division Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital Chang-Gung University College of Medicine Tao-yuan Taiwan.
Jhih-Yuan ShihSchool of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-9288-0580

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDegenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) is a progressive valvular disorder that causes atrial enlargement, cardiac remodeling, heart failure, and arrhythmias. Current rodent models are limited by thoracotomy or intubation, which increase procedural risk and reduce reproducibility. METHODS AND

resultsWe established a minimally invasive, transthoracic echocardiography-guided mouse model of MR by puncturing the anterior mitral leaflet with a 27G needle introduced through the left ventricular apex. Ten-week-old C57BL/6J mice underwent baseline imaging before MR induction, and sham controls received apical puncture without leaflet disruption. Color Doppler confirmed regurgitant jets and increased vena contracta width, with procedural survival exceeding 90%. At 2 weeks, MR mice exhibited significant left heart enlargement, reduced fractional shortening, and myocardial fibrosis compared with sham. Pressure-volume loop analysis demonstrated increased end-diastolic volume and reduced compliance. RNA sequencing of left atrial tissues revealed enrichment of calcium signaling, apoptosis, and shear stress pathways. Histology confirmed increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, accompanied by Connexin-43 downregulation and elevated ryanodine receptor 2 phosphorylation. Programmed atrial pacing induced atrial fibrillation in MR mice, consistent with enhanced arrhythmogenicity and calcium-handling abnormalities.

conclusionsThis closed-chest, echo-guided murine model reliably induces MR, avoids thoracotomy, and recapitulates key features of human disease, including chamber dilation, fibrosis, and arrhythmia susceptibility. It provides a scalable platform for mechanistic studies, genetic interventions, and drug testing in valvular heart disease.

Indexed as

Arrhythmias, CardiacAtrial RemodelingEchocardiographyEchocardiography, Doppler, ColorMitral Valve InsufficiencyVentricular RemodelingAnimalsApoptosisConnexin 43Disease Models, AnimalFibrosisMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLConnexin 43apoptosisatrial fibrillationcalcium signalingfibrosismitral regurgitation

Identifiers

PMID42089192
PMCPMC13279536

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.