Evidence mapPaperPMID 42090084Full record

ReviewMolecular biology reports2026

Extracellular vesicles in ophthalmology: innovations in diagnosis, therapy, and drug delivery.

Fatemeh Aziziyan, Mohammadreza Mahdipour, Behnaz Hadi, Shiva Sarani Asl, Hamed Afkhami, Mohsen Sheykhhasan

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Molecular biology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Fatemeh AziziyanDepartment of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland. fatemeh.aziziyan@unibe.ch.
Mohammadreza MahdipourDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Behnaz HadiSchool of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Shiva Sarani AslDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Hamed AfkhamiCellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Mohsen SheykhhasanCellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. msheykhhasan@muq.ac.ir.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Most cells have the ability to secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are nanoscale membrane-bound vesicles. EVs carry a diverse array of biomolecule, that play key roles in immunological modulation, intercellular communication, and the regulation of pathological and physiological processes. For EV-based diagnosis of ocular diseases, eye-derived biofluids serve as important sources. EVs found in these biofluids have emerged as promising biomarkers for the early detection of ocular diseases, as their molecular cargo can reflect the biology of their parent cells. Furthermore, due to their high biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, EVs have been explored as therapeutic agents and targeted drug delivery nanocarriers in various ocular diseases. In this review, we summarize the advancements in EV-based research focused on the detection and treatment of ocular diseases. We provide an overview of the origin of EV applications in ophthalmology, review techniques for isolating EVs from ocular biofluids, highlight EV bioengineering strategies for drug delivery, and present recent developments in EV-based diagnostics and therapeutics. Finally, we discuss ongoing clinical trials and conclude with an overview of the current challenges and future considerations for the clinical translation of EV-based approaches in ocular disease.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsExtracellular VesiclesEye DiseasesOphthalmologyAnimalsBiomarkersHumansBiomarkersDiagnosisDrug deliveryExtracellular vesiclesOcular diseaseTherapeutics

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.