ArticleThe journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease2026
Tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis vaccination and risk for incident dementia among adults with down syndrome.
Article in The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAdult vaccination is inversely associated with incident Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.
objectivesWe determined if Tetanus, Diphtheria and Pertussis (Tdap) vaccination was linked to incident Alzheimer's Disease and dementia among adults with Down Syndrome, 50% of whom develop Alzheimer's Disease by age 60.
designThis is a retrospective cohort study using TriNetX nationally distributed electronic health records from 2013 to 2024.
settingHistorical medical record data.
participants5591 patients with Down Syndrome across the United States. Eligible patients were free of Alzheimer's Disease and dementia prior to index. Index date could occur 1/1/2015 to 1/1/2020 allowing for 5 to 10 years of possible follow-up time. MEASUREMENTS: Vaccination was measured using product name and procedure codes and Alzheimer's Disease and dementias was defined by ICD-10 codes.
resultsThe mean age of the cohort was 50.0 (±8.3), 50.1% were female and 72.1% were White. After controlling for confounding, Tdap vaccination vs. remaining without Tdap vaccination was associated with lower Alzheimer's Disease and dementia risk (HR=0.74; 95%CI:0.57-0.98).
conclusionsIn a cohort of patients with Down Syndrome, Tdap vaccination was associated with a 26% lower risk for Alzheimer's Disease and dementia. This is a novel and important finding because existing studies of vaccination and reduced risk for Alzheimer's Disease and dementia have been among cognitively intact adults. This study reveals benefits of vaccination even among those at high risk for Alzheimer's Disease and dementia due to Down Syndrome. Future studies are needed to understand the mechanisms underlying this relationship.
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