Observational studyBMC cardiovascular disorders2026
Association between vascular adhesion protein-1 and major adverse cardiovascular events in heart failure patients: a retrospective cohort analysis.
Observational study in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1), a multifunctional inflammatory mediator, has been implicated in cardiovascular pathology. Current evidence regarding its prognostic relevance in heart failure (HF) is incomplete. This investigation was designed to evaluate circulating VAP-1 as a biomarker for its association with HF progression susceptibility and its clinical prognostic value for adverse cardiovascular events.
methodsThis retrospective observational cohort study included 356 individuals receiving treatment at Soochow University Hospital from May 2020 to September 2022, among whom 165 were diagnosed with heart failure. During the baseline evaluation, VAP-1 concentrations in blood serum were measured through ELISA testing. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were designated the principal study endpoints, with data collected from electronic health records and telephone follow-ups. Analytical methods incorporated multiple regression analysis, nonlinear modeling approaches, and Kaplan-Meier survival probability assessments. Additional analyses examined the association between heart failure progression and VAP-1 levels through multiple regression modeling, ROC curve assessment, and AUC calculations to establish VAP-1's diagnostic potential for heart failure identification.
resultsWhen accounting for potential confounding factors, higher concentrations of VAP-1 showed a correlation with MACE in patients with HF (Q2 versus Q1: hazard ratios [HR] = 1.7, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.71-4.12; Q3 versus Q1: HR = 2.85, 95% CI = 1.1-7.36). These results were further validated through survival probability assessments and non-linear regression modeling. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that increased VAP-1 levels served as an independent risk factor for heart failure progression (P = 0.0271, HR = 1.0012, 95% CI = 1.0001-1.0022).
conclusionsThe study demonstrates a meaningful relationship between heightened VAP-1 concentrations and both the development of heart failure and cardiovascular complications, indicating VAP-1's possible utility as a diagnostic marker for assessing heart failure risk and clinical outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.