ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Xanthine oxidase inhibition by medicinal plants mitigates tenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity: a comprehensive computational and experimental study.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Tenofovir, a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), is a first-line therapy for HBV and HIV and is administered as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). However, long-term use of TDF is linked to renal and other organ toxicities, which is largely attributed to oxidative stress mediated by xanthine oxidase (XO), a key enzyme in purine metabolism. To address this, plants with documented nephroprotective and XO-inhibitory properties were investigated through computational, Methods: Bioactive compounds from nine medicinal plants were subjected to computational screening for XO inhibition, leading to the selection of Results: Both AC and VN significantly mitigated TDF-induced elevations in serum biomarker levels, including creatinine, BUN, AST, ALT, GGT, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase, while enhancing albumin levels. They also restored the levels of oxidative stress markers such as MDA, GSH, catalase, and SOD. Histopathological examination confirmed substantial structural recovery of liver and kidney tissues. Conclusion: Overall, this preclinical study demonstrates that
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