ArticleBMC public health2026
A mini-program for high-risk of stroke population management using the intervention mapping approach: design, development process, and usability study.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundImproving health behavior is an effective and practical method for preventing stroke. While effectively managing modifiable risk factors-especially among high-risk populations-remains a persistent challenge in clinical practice due to the scarcity of management channels and tools. Mobile health (mHealth) is a promising approach to ensure healthcare is more accessible and affordable. However, the intervention and application development processes are often not theory-driven and well-described, creating challenges in explaining why and how the intervention would work.
objectivesThis study aims to describe the development and evaluation of a WeChat-based mini-program using Intervention Mapping (IM).
methodsWe followed the first 4 steps of the Intervention Mapping (IM) process to develop the UHEALTH mini-program. (1) Needs assessment was conducted via semi-structured interviews with 16 SHP and 14 health providers. (2) A matrix of change objectives was developed using the COM-B framework to identify target behaviors and determinants. (3) Theory-based intervention methods and practical applications were designed. (4) Usability was evaluated using the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ), and qualitative interviews were conducted to gather user feedback. Quantitative data from the MAUQ were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean ± standard deviation), while qualitative interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key user experiences and improvement suggestions.
resultsThe UHEALTH mini-program was developed with a multi-layer architecture, featuring comprehensive modules for patients (e.g., risk assessment, medication reminders, and online consultation) and health providers (e.g., patient management and message monitoring). Usability evaluation showed high satisfaction, with total MAUQ scores of 1.79 ± 0.28 for health providers and 2.23 ± 0.59 for SHP, indicating good feasibility and system usability. Qualitative interviews further confirmed that the mini-program effectively facilitated two-way communication and improved management efficiency compared to traditional methods.
conclusionWe designed, developed, and evaluated UHEALTH-a comprehensive mini-program for stroke high-risk populations (SHP)-to improve their health behaviors using the Intervention Mapping (IM) framework. UHEALTH demonstrates promising potential for feasibility and high levels of user-reported usability.
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