Evidence mapPaperPMID 42099598Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026

Inflammation in hepatocellular carcinoma progression: a "Single Wick, dual interwoven strands" regulatory framework.

Chao Wu, Jing Dong, Shangru Sui, Xiuyan Tan, Na Zhu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Chao Wu *Department of General Surgery, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Jing Dong *Department of Clinical Trial Research Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Shangru SuiDepartment of Clinical Trial Research Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Xiuyan TanDepartment of Pharmacy, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Na ZhuDepartment of Clinical Trial Research Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent and lethal malignancies worldwide, with chronic liver inflammation as the core driver of its initiation and progression. Regardless of etiology, HCC development follows the classic progressive pathway of "chronic inflammation - liver fibrosis - cirrhosis - liver cancer". In this review, we propose an innovative "Single Wick, Dual Interwoven Strands" regulatory framework to systematically delineate the role of inflammation in the entire continuum of HCC progression. We define chronic liver inflammation as the "Wick" - the core driver that initiates and sustains the pro-tumor cascade, while inflammatory cells and inflammatory cytokines act as the two interwoven functional "Strands" that execute the pro-carcinogenic effects of inflammation via a tightly regulated interactive network. Their synergistic crosstalk drives five core terminal biological outcomes of HCC progression: invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, immune escape, metabolic reprogramming, and therapeutic resistance. Based on this framework, we dissect the core mechanisms of inflammation-driven HCC, summarize the latest advances in inflammation-targeted diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive strategies, and highlight the clinical translational prospects of this framework. This work provides systematic theoretical guidance for early prevention, precise treatment and prognosis improvement of HCC.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularInflammationLiver NeoplasmsAnimalsCytokinesDisease ProgressionHumansNeovascularization, PathologicTumor MicroenvironmentCytokineschronic inflammationhepatocellular carcinomainflammatory cellsinflammatory cytokinestumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID42099598
PMCPMC13144069

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.